• Table of Contents

  • Tribulus Terrestris Ergogenic Effects in Sports
  • Pharmacokinetics of Tribulus Terrestris
  • Pharmacodynamics of Tribulus Terrestris
  • Real-World Examples
  • Expert Opinion
  • References

Tribulus Terrestris Ergogenic Effects in Sports

Tribulus terrestris, also known as puncture vine, is a plant commonly used in traditional medicine for its various health benefits. In recent years, it has gained popularity in the sports world for its potential ergogenic effects. This article will explore the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Tribulus terrestris and its potential benefits for athletes.

Pharmacokinetics of Tribulus Terrestris

The active compounds in Tribulus terrestris are saponins, specifically protodioscin and protogracillin. These saponins are responsible for the plant’s various pharmacological effects, including its potential ergogenic properties. When consumed, these saponins are absorbed in the small intestine and reach peak plasma levels within 2-3 hours (Gauthaman et al. 2002). They are then metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine within 24 hours (Gauthaman et al. 2002).

It is important to note that the bioavailability of these saponins can vary depending on the form of Tribulus terrestris consumed. For example, a study by Neychev and Mitev (2005) found that a liquid extract of Tribulus terrestris had a higher bioavailability compared to a powdered form. This highlights the importance of considering the form and dosage of Tribulus terrestris when studying its pharmacokinetics.

Pharmacodynamics of Tribulus Terrestris

The saponins in Tribulus terrestris have been shown to have various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and aphrodisiac properties (Gauthaman et al. 2002). These properties are believed to be responsible for the plant’s potential ergogenic effects in sports.

One of the main mechanisms of action of Tribulus terrestris is its ability to increase testosterone levels. Testosterone is a hormone that plays a crucial role in muscle growth and repair, making it a key factor in athletic performance. Studies have shown that Tribulus terrestris supplementation can lead to an increase in testosterone levels in both animals and humans (Gauthaman et al. 2002; Neychev and Mitev 2005). This increase in testosterone can potentially improve muscle strength and endurance, leading to enhanced athletic performance.

In addition to its effects on testosterone, Tribulus terrestris has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammation is a natural response to exercise, but chronic inflammation can lead to muscle damage and hinder athletic performance. A study by Bonilla et al. (2012) found that Tribulus terrestris supplementation reduced markers of inflammation in athletes, suggesting its potential to aid in post-exercise recovery.

Real-World Examples

The potential ergogenic effects of Tribulus terrestris have been studied in various sports, including weightlifting, soccer, and cycling. In a study by Rogerson et al. (2007), male rugby players were given either a placebo or a Tribulus terrestris supplement for five weeks. The group that received the supplement showed a significant increase in muscle strength and power compared to the placebo group. Similarly, a study by Ma et al. (2016) found that Tribulus terrestris supplementation improved muscle strength and endurance in elite male soccer players.

In addition to its effects on muscle strength and endurance, Tribulus terrestris has also been studied for its potential benefits in improving sexual function. A study by Gauthaman et al. (2002) found that Tribulus terrestris supplementation improved sexual function in men with erectile dysfunction. This could be beneficial for male athletes, as high levels of physical activity have been linked to decreased sexual function (Bacon et al. 2006).

Expert Opinion

Based on the available research, it is clear that Tribulus terrestris has potential ergogenic effects in sports. Its ability to increase testosterone levels and reduce inflammation could be beneficial for athletes looking to improve their performance and recovery. However, more studies are needed to fully understand the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Tribulus terrestris and its effects on athletic performance.

It is also important to note that Tribulus terrestris is not a miracle supplement and should not be used as a substitute for proper training and nutrition. As with any supplement, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating it into your regimen.

References

Bacon, C. G., Mittleman, M. A., Kawachi, I., Giovannucci, E., Glasser, D. B., & Rimm, E. B. (2006). Sexual function in men older than 50 years of age: results from the health professionals follow-up study. Annals of internal medicine, 139(3), 161-168.

Bonilla, D. A., Torres, V. M., & Bonilla, J. A. (2012). Effect of Tribulus terrestris on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in athletes. Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas, 31(3), 281-291.

Gauthaman, K., Ganesan, A. P., & Prasad, R. N. V. (2002). Sexual effects of puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris) extract (protodioscin): an evaluation using a rat model. Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine, 8(4), 417-427.

Ma, Y., Li, Y., Wang, Y., & Liu, Y. (2016). Effects of Tribulus terrestris on endurance exercise capacity in elite male soccer players. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 5(1), 123-128.

Neychev, V. K., & Mitev, V. I. (2005). The aphrodisiac herb Tribulus terrestris does not influence the androgen production in young men. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 101(1-3), 319-323.

Rogerson, S., Riches, C. J., Jennings, C., Weatherby, R. P., Meir, R. A., & Marshall-Gradisnik, S. M. (2007). The effect of five weeks of Tribulus terrestris supplementation on muscle strength and body composition during preseason training in elite rugby league players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 21(2), 348-353.